How Do You Treat Hair Loss Due to Psoriasis?
Hair loss caused by psoriasis can be distressing, but understanding the condition and available treatments is key. Treatment focuses on reducing scalp inflammation to allow hair follicles to recover, utilizing both topical and systemic medications, lifestyle adjustments, and gentle hair care practices to manage psoriasis-related hair loss effectively.
Understanding Psoriasis and Hair Loss
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes the rapid buildup of skin cells. This buildup leads to scaling, inflammation, and thickened patches called plaques. While psoriasis can affect any area of the body, it’s commonly found on the scalp. Hair loss, or alopecia, can occur due to the inflammation affecting the hair follicles, either directly damaging them or causing them to enter a resting phase called telogen effluvium. Critically, the hair loss associated with psoriasis is often temporary, and hair regrowth is possible once the underlying inflammation is controlled.
The Goal: Reducing Scalp Inflammation
The primary goal in treating hair loss caused by psoriasis is to reduce the inflammation that’s affecting the hair follicles. This involves a multi-faceted approach, often combining topical treatments, systemic medications, and lifestyle modifications. Successfully managing the psoriasis on the scalp is essential for promoting hair regrowth.
Topical Treatments: The First Line of Defense
Topical treatments are typically the first line of defense in managing scalp psoriasis and preventing further hair loss. These medications are applied directly to the affected areas of the scalp. Common topical treatments include:
- Topical corticosteroids: These reduce inflammation and itching. Examples include clobetasol propionate and betamethasone dipropionate. They are available in various forms, such as lotions, solutions, and shampoos. Prolonged use can lead to side effects like skin thinning, so use as directed by your dermatologist.
- Vitamin D analogs: These help slow down the growth of skin cells. Calcipotriene is a common example.
- Tazarotene: A topical retinoid that can help reduce inflammation and scaling.
- Salicylic acid: This helps to remove scales and make other topical medications more effective.
- Coal tar: This can help to reduce inflammation, itching, and scaling. It’s available in shampoos and other preparations. It can have a strong odor and may stain clothing.
Systemic Medications: When Topicals Aren’t Enough
When topical treatments aren’t sufficient to control scalp psoriasis and associated hair loss, systemic medications may be considered. These medications work throughout the body to reduce inflammation. Common systemic options include:
- Oral corticosteroids: These are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs but are typically used short-term due to potential side effects.
- Methotrexate: This immunosuppressant medication can help to slow down the growth of skin cells and reduce inflammation.
- Cyclosporine: Another immunosuppressant drug that can be effective in treating severe psoriasis.
- Biologics: These are injectable medications that target specific parts of the immune system. Examples include adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, ustekinumab, and secukinumab. Biologics are often reserved for patients with moderate to severe psoriasis who have not responded to other treatments.
- Apremilast (Otezla): A phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor that can reduce inflammation.
Lifestyle Adjustments and Home Remedies
In addition to medical treatments, lifestyle adjustments and home remedies can play a supporting role in managing scalp psoriasis and hair loss.
- Gentle Hair Care: Avoid harsh shampoos, excessive heat styling, and tight hairstyles, which can irritate the scalp.
- Stress Management: Stress can exacerbate psoriasis symptoms. Practice relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises.
- Dietary Changes: While there’s no specific diet that cures psoriasis, some people find that certain foods trigger their symptoms. Consider keeping a food diary to identify potential triggers.
- Scalp Massage: Gentle scalp massage can help to improve circulation and potentially promote hair growth.
Choosing the Right Shampoo and Conditioner
Selecting the right hair care products is crucial for managing scalp psoriasis and minimizing hair loss. Look for shampoos and conditioners that are:
- Fragrance-free: Fragrances can irritate sensitive skin.
- Sulfate-free: Sulfates can be drying and irritating.
- Specifically designed for sensitive skin: These products are typically formulated with gentle ingredients.
- Containing ingredients like salicylic acid or coal tar: These can help to remove scales and reduce inflammation.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Scratching the scalp: This can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of infection.
- Using harsh hair products: These can irritate the scalp and contribute to hair loss.
- Ignoring the condition: Untreated psoriasis can lead to more severe hair loss and other complications.
- Stopping treatment prematurely: It’s important to continue treatment even when symptoms improve, as psoriasis is a chronic condition.
Seeking Professional Help
It’s essential to consult with a dermatologist or healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment of scalp psoriasis and related hair loss. They can assess the severity of the condition, recommend appropriate treatments, and monitor progress. They can also rule out other causes of hair loss.
FAQ Section
What are the first signs of scalp psoriasis?
The first signs of scalp psoriasis often include small, itchy, scaly patches on the scalp. These patches may be mild and easily mistaken for dandruff, but they can progress to thicker, more inflamed plaques. Itching is a common symptom, and scratching can worsen the condition.
Can psoriasis-related hair loss be permanent?
In most cases, hair loss due to psoriasis is not permanent. Once the inflammation on the scalp is controlled, hair follicles can typically recover and resume normal hair growth. However, long-term, severe inflammation can potentially lead to scarring and permanent hair loss in rare instances.
How long does it take for hair to regrow after treating scalp psoriasis?
The time it takes for hair to regrow after treating scalp psoriasis varies from person to person. It can take several months to see noticeable hair regrowth, and it may take a year or more for hair to fully recover. Consistency with treatment is essential for optimal results.
Are there any over-the-counter treatments that can help with psoriasis-related hair loss?
While prescription medications are often necessary for treating scalp psoriasis, some over-the-counter products can provide relief. Shampoos containing coal tar or salicylic acid can help to remove scales and reduce inflammation. Moisturizing conditioners can also help to soothe the scalp.
Can stress make psoriasis-related hair loss worse?
Yes, stress can exacerbate psoriasis symptoms, including hair loss. Stress can trigger inflammation throughout the body, which can worsen scalp psoriasis and contribute to hair shedding. Managing stress through relaxation techniques, exercise, or counseling can be beneficial.
Is it safe to dye or perm hair if I have scalp psoriasis?
It’s generally best to avoid dyeing or perming hair if you have scalp psoriasis. These treatments can be harsh and irritating to the scalp, potentially worsening inflammation and hair loss. If you choose to dye or perm your hair, do a patch test first and consult with your dermatologist.
What is the role of diet in managing psoriasis-related hair loss?
While there’s no specific diet that cures psoriasis, some people find that certain foods trigger their symptoms. An anti-inflammatory diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids may be helpful. Consider keeping a food diary to identify potential triggers and discussing dietary changes with your doctor or a registered dietitian.
Can scalp massage help with hair regrowth after psoriasis treatment?
Gentle scalp massage can help to improve circulation to the hair follicles, which may promote hair regrowth after psoriasis treatment. However, avoid vigorous massage or scratching, as this can irritate the scalp.
What types of hair styles are best for someone with scalp psoriasis and hair loss?
Loose hairstyles that don’t pull or put stress on the hair are best. Avoid tight braids, ponytails, or buns. Consider wearing your hair down or in a loose style that minimizes tension on the scalp.
Are there any alternative therapies that can help with psoriasis-related hair loss?
Some alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, herbal remedies, and aromatherapy, may help to reduce stress and inflammation associated with psoriasis. However, it’s important to discuss these therapies with your dermatologist before trying them, as some may interact with conventional treatments.
How can I protect my scalp from sun exposure if I have psoriasis?
Sun exposure can worsen psoriasis symptoms in some people. Protect your scalp from the sun by wearing a hat or using a sunscreen specifically designed for the scalp. Look for a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher.
What should I do if my scalp psoriasis treatment isn’t working?
If your scalp psoriasis treatment isn’t working, it’s important to contact your dermatologist. They may need to adjust your treatment plan, prescribe a different medication, or rule out other underlying conditions that may be contributing to your symptoms.