How To Go To The Doctor In Germany: Your Comprehensive Guide
Navigating the German healthcare system can seem daunting, but with this guide, you’ll learn exactly how to go to the doctor in Germany and access the medical care you need. Follow these steps to understand the process, ensuring a smooth and informed experience.
Understanding the German Healthcare System
The German healthcare system is a mandatory, multi-payer healthcare system. This means that almost everyone residing in Germany is required to have health insurance. Understanding the basics of this system is crucial before figuring out how to go to the doctor in Germany.
Public vs. Private Health Insurance
Germany operates primarily with two types of health insurance:
- Public Health Insurance (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung – GKV): This is mandatory for most employees earning below a certain income threshold. Contributions are shared between the employer and employee. GKV covers a wide range of medical services.
- Private Health Insurance (Private Krankenversicherung – PKV): This is an option for higher earners, self-employed individuals, and civil servants. PKV often offers more comprehensive coverage and faster access to specialists.
The choice between these options significantly impacts how to go to the doctor in Germany. Those with GKV will typically need a referral to see a specialist (exceptions exist).
Finding a Doctor (Arzt)
Once you have health insurance, the next step is finding a doctor. Here’s how:
- Ask for recommendations: Friends, colleagues, or neighbors can often provide valuable referrals.
- Use online search portals: Websites like Jameda, Doctolib, and Weisse Liste allow you to search for doctors based on specialty, location, and patient reviews.
- Contact your health insurance provider: They can provide a list of doctors within their network.
- Look for signs outside doctor’s offices: Many doctors display signs indicating the health insurance companies they accept (“Alle Kassen” indicates acceptance of all public health insurance).
Making an Appointment (Terminvereinbarung)
After finding a suitable doctor, you’ll need to make an appointment. Methods include:
- Phone: Calling the doctor’s office directly is the most common method. Be prepared to speak German.
- Online booking: Some doctors offer online appointment booking through their website or platforms like Doctolib.
- In-person: If you live nearby, you can stop by the office and make an appointment in person.
Attending Your Appointment
Be punctual and bring the following:
- Your health insurance card (Krankenversicherungskarte).
- Identification (Passport or ID card).
- A list of any medications you are currently taking.
- Any relevant medical records (if available).
During your appointment, the doctor will examine you, ask about your symptoms, and potentially order tests or prescribe medication. Be prepared to describe your symptoms clearly and answer any questions the doctor may have.
Paying for Treatment
With GKV, your health insurance card covers most standard treatments. In some cases, you may need to pay a co-payment (Zuzahlung) for prescriptions or certain services. If you have PKV, you will typically pay the doctor directly and then submit the invoice to your insurance company for reimbursement.
Common Mistakes & Tips for Success
Navigating the German healthcare system efficiently requires awareness.
- Not having health insurance: This is illegal and can result in significant fines and difficulty accessing medical care.
- Not understanding the difference between GKV and PKV: This can lead to choosing the wrong insurance plan for your needs.
- Not being prepared for appointments: Bringing all necessary documents and information can save time and ensure a smoother experience.
- Not knowing basic German medical vocabulary: Learning essential terms can help you communicate more effectively with doctors and staff.
Emergency Medical Care
In case of a medical emergency, dial 112. This number connects you to the emergency medical services, including ambulances and fire departments. Do not hesitate to call 112 in life-threatening situations.
Finding a Pharmacy (Apotheke)
Pharmacies are readily available in Germany. You will need a prescription from a doctor to obtain most medications. Pharmacies are easily identified by a large red “A” sign.
Essential German Phrases for Healthcare
Knowing a few basic German phrases can be incredibly helpful when visiting the doctor:
- Ich habe Schmerzen: I have pain.
- Ich brauche einen Termin: I need an appointment.
- Wo ist die Apotheke?: Where is the pharmacy?
- Ich habe eine Krankenversicherung: I have health insurance.
- Können Sie Englisch sprechen?: Can you speak English?
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How do I find an English-speaking doctor in Germany?
Finding an English-speaking doctor in Germany is often easier in larger cities. Use online search portals like Jameda or Doctolib and filter by language. You can also contact your health insurance provider; they may have a list of English-speaking doctors in their network. Many doctors also indicate the languages they speak on their websites or office signs.
What is a “Hausarzt” and why is it important?
A Hausarzt is a general practitioner or family doctor. They serve as your primary point of contact for most medical needs. With public health insurance (GKV), it’s often recommended (sometimes required, depending on your insurance policy) to see your Hausarzt first for referrals to specialists. This helps streamline your care and ensures continuity.
What is the “Elektronische Gesundheitskarte” (eGK)?
The Elektronische Gesundheitskarte (eGK) is your electronic health insurance card. It contains your personal information, insurance details, and a photo. You will need to present this card at every doctor’s appointment. Keep it safe and report it immediately if lost or stolen.
How much does it cost to see a doctor in Germany with public health insurance?
With public health insurance (GKV), most standard treatments are covered. However, you may need to pay a co-payment (Zuzahlung) for prescriptions or certain services. These co-payments are typically small and capped at a maximum annual amount.
What if I don’t speak German?
While many doctors in Germany speak English, it’s always best to be prepared. Bring a German-speaking friend or family member to your appointment, or consider using a translation app. Learning a few basic German medical phrases can also be very helpful.
Can I choose my own doctor with public health insurance?
Yes, you generally have the freedom to choose your own doctor with public health insurance, as long as the doctor accepts GKV patients. However, some insurance plans may require you to choose a specific Hausarzt within their network.
What happens if I need to see a specialist?
If you have public health insurance (GKV), you will typically need a referral from your Hausarzt to see a specialist. However, there are exceptions for certain specialties like gynecology and ophthalmology. If you have private health insurance (PKV), you can usually see a specialist directly without a referral.
How do I get a prescription in Germany?
To get a prescription, you need to see a doctor who will assess your condition and write a prescription (Rezept). Take the prescription to a pharmacy (Apotheke) to fill it. Some medications are available over-the-counter without a prescription.
What are the waiting times like to see a doctor in Germany?
Waiting times can vary depending on the doctor’s specialty, location, and whether you have public or private health insurance. Generally, waiting times for specialists are longer than for general practitioners. Private patients often experience shorter waiting times.
What should I do if I have a complaint about a doctor’s treatment?
If you have a complaint about a doctor’s treatment, you can first try to resolve the issue directly with the doctor or their practice. If that doesn’t work, you can contact your health insurance provider or the Ärztekammer (Medical Association) for assistance.
Are dental services covered by health insurance in Germany?
Dental services are partially covered by public health insurance (GKV). Basic treatments like check-ups and fillings are usually covered, but more complex procedures like implants may require additional out-of-pocket expenses. Private health insurance (PKV) often offers more comprehensive dental coverage.
How does the German healthcare system handle mental health issues?
The German healthcare system provides access to mental health services. You can consult a psychiatrist, psychologist, or psychotherapist. With public health insurance, you will typically need a referral from your Hausarzt to see a therapist. Private health insurance often offers more flexible access to mental health professionals.
With this guide, understanding how to go to the doctor in Germany should now be significantly easier. Remember to prioritize health insurance, familiarize yourself with the system, and seek help when needed.